Journal: Nature

Article Title: Genetic Variants in Novel Pathways Influence Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

doi: 10.1038/nature10405

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genetic risk score and cardiovascular outcome association results Association of genetic risk score (using all 29 SNPs at 28 loci, parameterised using the average of SBP and DBP effects [=(SBP effect + DBP effect)/2] from the discovery analysis), tested in results from other GWAS consortia.

Article Snippet: Left ventricular wall thickness[cm] , EchoGen , 0.009 , 0.002 , , 6.0*10 −6 , 29 , 0.03 , 0.03 , , 12,612.

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Normal Cardiac Muscle. Left ventricular myocardium, longitudinal section, normal young pig. The multiple nuclei in a myocyte are readily seen and evaluated in a longitudinal section. H&E stain.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Normal Cardiac Muscle. Heart, left ventricular myocytes, longitudinal section, normal rat. Numerous dense mitochondria (arrows) lie between myofibrils, which have prominent bands. N, Nucleus. TEM. Uranyl acetate and lead citrate stain.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cardiac Dilation and Hypertrophy, Heart, Transected Ventricles, Dog. A, Cardiac dilation. Note the thin walls of both dilated ventricles. LV, Left ventricle. B, Cardiac hypertrophy (fixed tissue). Note that the right ventricular and left ventricular (LV) walls are approximately the same thickness, indicating that there is right ventricular hypertrophy.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pulmonic Stenosis, Heart, Pulmonary Artery, Dog. A, Closed heart, and B, sectioned heart. Note the prominent concentric right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy resulting from pressure overload. The orifice of the pulmonic valve (arrows) is markedly narrowed. C, Sectioned heart, there is poststenotic dilation (D) of the pulmonary artery with irregular intimal thickenings (jet lesions).

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental Models of Heart Failure

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Ligation, Transgenic Assay

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Hyperthyroidism, Heart, Bisected, Cat. Note prominent thickening of the left ventricular (LV) free wall. The ventricular septum (VS) is also thickened.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myocardial Necrosis, “Heart-Brain Syndrome,” Heart, Transverse Section of Ventricles, Dog. Necrotic areas are pale beige to white and are concentrated in the inner half of the wall of the left ventricle (LV) and in the ventricular septum.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myocardial Necrosis, Acute Monensin Toxicosis, Heart, Cross Section, Left Ventricular Myocardium, Calf. Note the pale, mottled, necrotic areas (arrows) distributed throughout the ventricular myocardium.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ventricular Dilation, Furazolidone Cardiotoxicity, Heart, Duckling. Note that the dilated ventricles have collapsed once the blood was removed.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myofibrillar Lysis, Furazolidone Cardiotoxicity, Heart, Ventricular Myocardium, Duckling. Affected myocytes have extensive dissolution of myofibrils with scattered free myofilaments and dense clumps of Z-band material (arrowheads). Other organelles appear normal. TEM. Uranyl acetate and lead citrate stain.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Lysis, Dissolution, Staining

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myocardial Necrosis, Vitamin E–Selenium Deficiency, Heart, Left Ventricular Myocardium, Calf. A, Note the prominent white chalky areas of necrosis with mineralization (arrows) of the myocardium. B, Similar necrosis is subepicardially and subendocardially in the sectioned free walls of the left ventricle and subendocardially in the myocardium of the ventricular septum (center).

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Acute Myocardial Necrosis with Mineralization, Minoxidil Cardiotoxicity, Heart, Ventricular Myocardium, Pig. The darker red myocytes are necrotic, and some are mineralized (purplish areas). H&E stain.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myxomatous Valvular Degeneration (Valvular Endocardiosis), Left Atrioventricular Valve, Heart, Dog. A, The cusps of the mitral valve are thickened by white, smooth nodules (arrows). LV, Left ventricular free wall. B, Note the characteristic smooth and shiny (endocardial) surface of the valve and nodules. This differentiates myxomatous valvular degeneration (endocardiosis) from the rough and granular surface of chronic bacterial endocarditis. The pink staining of the valve is caused by postmortem imbibition of hemoglobin.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myocardial Infarction, Heart, Left and Right Ventricles, Dog. Pale, necrotic, circumscribed areas (arrows) are present in the ventricular walls and are most prominent at the apex.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sites of the Major Cardiovascular Anomalies of the Dog. AS, Aortic stenosis; ASD, atrial septal defect; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PS, pulmonic stenosis; VSD, ventricular septal defect.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ventricular Septal Defect (High Defect), Heart, Opened Left Side, Calf. Note the large opening in the basal portion of the ventricular septum (arrow) immediately below the aortic valve through which the tube has been passed. A, Aorta; LV, left ventricle.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tetralogy of Fallot, Heart, Dissected, Dog. Above the large membranous ventricular septal defect is an overlying, straddling aorta (A). There is also severe pulmonic stenosis (arrow) with massive right ventricular hypertrophy. LV, Left ventricle; RV, right ventricle.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Subaortic Stenosis, Heart, Opened Left Side, Dog. A thick, white, broad band of fibrous connective tissue (arrows) encircles the left ventricular outflow tract below the aortic valve. The force of the blood ejected through the stenotic lesion is responsible for the “jet lesions” in the overlying aorta (A).

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Endocardial Cushion Defect and Tricuspid Dysplasia, Heart, Opened Right Side, Pig. The endocardial cushion defect (prominent opening [arrow] ) can be mistaken as an atrial septal defect but not the location and presence of abnormal valves incorporated in the defect. AS, Atrial septum; VS, ventricular septum.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Heart, Cats. A, Note the thickened left ventricular wall (LV). B, The thickened left ventricular free wall and septum have markedly reduced the lumen of the left ventricle (LV). C, There is severe diffuse concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricular free wall, interventricular septum, and papillary muscles. Left atrial dilation is present and a large thrombus (arrow) arises from and extends through the left atrioventricular valve.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Muscles

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Heart, Ventricular Myocardium, Cat. A, Cardiac myocytes are hypertrophied and in disarray. H&E stain. B, Masson's trichrome stain demonstrates abundant amounts of interstitial collagen (blue) produced by fibroblasts. C, Normal cardiac myocytes arranged in parallel bundles. H&E stain.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Staining, Produced

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Heart, Ventricular Myocardium, Cat. A, Note the pattern of interwoven cardiac myocytes, indicating myofiber disarray, and the hypertrophic myocytes (compare with and ). The number of fibroblasts is increased in the interstitium. H&E stain. B, Normal cardiac myocytes arranged in parallel bundles.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Lymphoma (Lymphosarcoma), Heart, Myocardium, Cow. A, Sites of infiltrating neoplastic lymphocytes in the ventricular myocardium are evident as numerous white areas and nodules (arrows). B, Similar white areas of tumor are visible in the section of the left ventricular wall (arrows) and subendocardially (*) in the ventricular septum.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Valvular Endocarditis, Streptococcus Suis , Heart Mitral and Pulmonic Valves, Pig. Note the friable, yellow material adhering to and replacing some of the normal left atrioventricular valve. The left ventricular chamber is dilated due to failure of normal function of the valve (eccentric hypertrophy).

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Necrohemorrhagic Myocarditis, “Blackleg,” Heart, Steer. A, Note the area of hemorrhagic myocarditis (arrows) in the wall of the ventricular myocardium. This disease is caused by Clostridium chauvoei , and lesions are most common in skeletal muscle. B, Necrohemorrhagic myocarditis, heart, cow. Note the myocardial necrosis, serocellular interstitial debris, and the clear spaces (arrows) representative of gas bubbles.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myocarditis, East Coast Fever, Heart, Cow. The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: “Mulberry Heart Disease,” Hemorrhage and Necrosis, Left and Right Ventricular Myocardium, Transverse Section, Pig. Red and pale mottled areas are caused by hemorrhage and necrosis, respectively.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques:

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Parvovirus Myocarditis, Heart, Dog. A, Note the multifocal pale areas (arrow) in the ventricular myocardium. B, Parvovirus infection, section of myocardium. An intranuclear basophilic inclusion body is in a myocyte (arrow). H&E stain.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Infection, Staining

Journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease

Article Title: Cardiovascular System and Lymphatic Vessels 1

doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-35775-3.00010-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gross and Microscopic Examination of the Heart. Diagrams A to D illustrate the heart opened. The numbers indicate the area and the shape of the blocks of tissue removed for histopathology. A, Right ventricle and right atrium. B, Right ventricular cavity and pulmonary outflow tract. C, Left ventricle and left atrium. D, Left ventricle and aortic outflow tract. 1, Right ventricular free wall, atrioventricular valve, and atrium. 2, Pulmonic valve, right ventricular outflow tract, and pulmonary artery. 3, Right auricular appendage. 4, Sinoatrial node. 5, Left auricular appendage. 6, Left atrioventricular valve, ventricle, and atrium. 7 and 8, Left ventricular free wall and papillary muscles. 9, Atrioventricular node, right atrioventricular valve, and atrium. 10, Interventricular septum. 11, Aortic valve, left aortic outflow tract, and aorta.

Article Snippet: The multiple white-beige areas in the left ventricular wall are infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory cells. (Courtesy School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University.)

Techniques: Histopathology, Muscles